BOREAD  OF  MISSIONS, 


PRICE  6 CENTS. 


^ MAY  mmo 


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THE 


MINISTRY 

O F 

HEALING 

Alt  arrmint  nf  thf  mfftiral  work  of  tl|r  Amertrait  Saptiat 
iltHBiottarit  Mition 


MISSIONARY  ROOMS 

BOSTON,  MASSACHUSETTS 


3 


r^)  ''’%Xt>.'^-'  * *" 

'jM|, 

M 

I (f-*'  .’.i-e''’.  ^ 


? 

T 


THE  MINISTRY  OF  HEALING 


Meivd  iRe  l>od>^ — vSecve  iKe-xSovil” 


The  above  is  from  a photograph  of  a banner  presented  to  Rev.  G.  A, 
Huntley,  M.D.,  by  the  native  Christians  of  Hanyang,  China 


MISSIONARY  physician  of  wide  expe- 
rience in  India  has  thus  expressed  his 
feeling  as  to  the  value  and  place  of 
medical  missionary  work : “ My  own 
firm  conviction  after  these  thirty-four  years  of 
active  medical  work  in  India  is  that  no  mission  is 
complete  or  doing  all  that  it  might,  and  ought 
to  do,  to  hasten  the  coming  of  the  kingdom  of 
Christ,  that  has  not,  side  by  side  with  its  church, 
evangelistic  and  educational  work,  a medical 
mission  work,  conducted  in  the  most  efficient 
manner  possible,  and  with  an  eye  constantly,  not 
alone  to  the  greatest  professional  success,  but  to 
the  widest  and  most  extensive  spiritual  good.” 

Medical  missionary  work  is  the  greatest  object 
lesson  the  world  has  ever  seen  since  the  life  and 


death  of  our  Lord  himself,  and  affords  such  an 
illustration  of  the  spirit  and  import  of  the  gospel 
as  mere  preaching  never  could.  It  breaks  down 
prejudice,  allays  suspicion  and  overcomes  super- 
stition. Jesus  himself  used  his  works  of  heal- 
ing as  the  most  irresistible  proof  of  his  divinity. 
Surely,  in  the  great  work  with  which  the  Church 
has  been  commissioned,  of  proclaiming  salvation 
to  a lost  world,  we  cannot  hope  to  improve  on  the 
method  of  our  divine  example.  How  many  times 
among  those  who  have  known  nothing  of  love, 
gentleness  or  kindness,  who  have  sunk  even  to  the 
very  depths  of  degradation,  has  a deep  and  lasting 
impression  been  made  by  the  skilful  touch  of  the 
physician,  which  has  resulted  in  an  openness  of 
heart  and  receptivity  to  the  truth  which  might 
have  taken  years  to  obtain  otherwise.  It  is  still 
true  that, 

Down  in  the  human  heart, 

Crushed  by  the  tempter, 

Feelings  lie  buried  that  grace  can  restore ; 

Touched  by  a loving  heart, 

Wakened  by  kindness. 

Chords  that  were  broken  will  vibrate  once  more. 

So  long  as  suffering  humanity  calls  for  the 
tender  ministrations  of  the  physician  we  shall 
offer  no  apology  for  including,  among  other  mis- 
sionary methods,  this  means  of  promoting  the 
knowledge  of  cur  divine  example  who  came  “ not 
to  be  ministered  unto  but  to  minister." 


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MODERN  BEGINNINGS 


To  the  Danes  and  Moravians  belong  the  honor 
of  really  inaugurating  the  modern  enterprise  of 
medical  missions,  although  so  little  was  done  for 
fully  a century  and  more  that  it  may  be  considered 
to  be  largely  of  recent  development.  In  1730, 
the  Danes  first  sent  one  physician,  followed  by 
another  in  1732,  to  their  mission  in  Tranquebar, 
where  their  influence  became  very  great;  and  in 
1747  the  Moravians  sent  two  doctors  to  the  fire 
worshipers  in  Persia.  It  is  of  interest  here  to 
recall  that  the  one  who  was  appointed  to  accom- 
pany William  Carey  to  India  in  1792  was  a doctor. 


A morning  clinic,  Dr.  W.  H.  Leslie  and  patients, 
Banza  Manteke,  Africa 


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by  the  name  of  John  Thomas,  and  that  it  was 
through  his  professional  services  that  Krishna  Pal, 
the  first  Hindu  convert,  was  brought  under  the 
influence  of  the  missionaries  and  won  to  Christ. 
The  London  Missionary  Society  sent  the  renowned 
Dr.  Vanderkemp  to  South  Africa  in  1798,  and  the 
ideal  medical  missionary.  Dr,  Robert  Morrison, 
went  to  China  in  1807. 

PIONEER.S  FROM  AMERICA 

The  reading  of  a missionary  leaflet,  casually 
picked  up  by  a young  physician  in  New  York  City 
while  waiting  to  see  a patient,  turned  his  atten- 
tion to  the  appalling  conditions  of  physical  suffer- 
ing in  heathen  lands,  and  to  Dr.  John  Scudder 
belongs  the  honor  of  being  the  first  medical  mis- 
sionary from  America.  He  went  to  India  under 
the  auspices  of  the  American  Board  (Congrega- 
tional) in  1819.  As  a result  of  that  decision,  so 
little  appreciated  at  the  time,  he  and  his  wife 
each  gave  over  thirty  years  of  service  to  India, 
while  his  entire  family  of  eight  sons  and  daughters 
and  several  grandchildren  have  followed  in  their 
footsteps. 

About  the  same  time  that  Dr.  Scudder  was  sent 
to  India,  Dr.  Jonathan  Price  offered  his  services 
to  the  Triennial  Convention  (the  former  name  of 
the  Missionary  Union),  and  in  1821  sailed  for 
Burma.  The  knowledge  of  his  skill  as  a doctor 
soon  came  to  the  attention  of  the  emperor,  and 
8 


Dr.  Price  was  summoned  to  Ava,  the  capital, 
where  for  some  months  he  received  most  cordial 
treatment.  So  great  and  favorable  did  the  oppor- 
tunity for  mission  work  seem  that  Dr.  Judson  also 
went  to  Ava,  in  the  hope  that  their  united  efforts 
might  lead  to  the  establishment  of  a mission  in 
that  important  center.  But  they  were  doomed 
to  grievous  disappointment;  for  when  the  war 
between  Great  Britain  and  India  broke  out  soon 
after,  they  were  both  seized  as  spies  and  thrust 
into  prison  where  they  languished  for  many  weary 
months.  Dr.  Price's  career  was  cut  short  in  1828 
by  pulmonary  disease,  which  was  doubtless  aggra- 
vated by  the  terrible  experiences  of  those  days. 

The  name  of  Dr.  Peter  Parker,  concerning 
whom  it  has  been  said  that  he  “ opened  China  at 
the  point  of  the  lancet,"  is  well  known  the  world 
over.  He  was  a graduate  of  Yale  University  and 
sailed  for  China  under  the  auspices  of  the  Ameri- 
can Board  in  1835.  He  located  in  Canton.  It  is 
believed  that  his  own  personal  efforts 
there  resulted  in  physical  blessing  to  at 
least  53,000  patients,  and,  indirectly, 
to  an  inestimable  number.  It  was  due 
to  the  efforts  of  Qr.  Parker,  in  com- 
pany with  two  physicians  in  the  em- 
ploy of  the  East  India  Company,  that 
the  Medical  Missionary  Society  of  China 
was  formed  in  1838.  The  organization 
of  the  Edinburgh  Medical  Missionary 


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Wounded  soldiers  in  the  Osaka  Military  Hospital,  Japan 

Society  in  1841  resulted  from  Dr.  Parker’s  visit 
to  that  city,  when  on  furlough,  and  the  influence 
of  this  society  in  Great  Britain,  India,  China, 
Japan,  Turkey,  Persia,  Africa  and  elsewhere,  has 
ever  been  widening,  till  no  adequate  estimate  can 
be  made  of  the  numbers  treated  or  the  blessings 
realized. 

More  than  twenty  years  elapsed  between  the 
sending  out  of  the  first  physician,  and  the  second, 
by  the  Baptists  of  this  country.  It  was  in  1843 
that  Daniel  J.  Macgowan  opened  a hospital  in 
Ningpo,  China,  where  some  of  our  most  helpful 
medical  work  is  still  being  conducted  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Missionary  Union.  He  found 
ample  opportunity  for  the  exercise  of  medical 
skill  in  the  relief  of  the  many  forms  of  physical 
suffering  prevalent  there.  Persistent  and  syste- 

1 o 


matic  efforts  were  also  made  daily  to  disseminate 
gospel  truth  among  the  patients  who  constantly 
sought  relief  at  his  hands.  During  the  last  few 
decades  a large  number  of  well  equipped  men  and 
women  of  all  denominations  have  given  themselves 
to  medical  mission  work,  until  now  at  least  750  are 
in  the  employ  of  the  various  missionary  societies 
of  Christendom.  But  when  we  consider  the  teem- 
ing millions  in  the  lands  to  which  they  have  gone, 
and  the  prevailing  ignorance  of  true  medical 
science  among  oriental  people,  we  are  constrained 
to  ask,  “ What  are  these  among  so  many?  ” So 
far  as  the  comparison  of  the  number  of  physicians 
in  heathen  lands  and  in  our  own  is  concerned,  the 
proportion  is  only  about  one  to  four  thousand. 

ORIENTAL  BELIEFS  AND 
PRACTISES 

In  this  brief  sketch  it  would  be  impossible  to 
picture  fully  the  real  conditions  of  life  in  these 
Eastern  lands,  where  ignorance,  squalor  and 
heathenism  have  held  unbounded  sway  for  cen- 
turies. Nor  is  it  possible  for  one  to  realize  the 
awful  extent  to  which  physical  suffering  has  gone 
unless  he  has  been  a witness  to  it.  It  is  enough, 
however,  if  that  which  follows  shall  serve  to  make 
us  more  grateful  for  the  privileges  of  our  enlight- 
ened twentieth  century  civilization,  and  more 
eager  to  share  these  blessings  with  those  who  are 
less  favored  than  ourselves.  Especially  is  the  ig- 


norance  of  the  human  body,  its  constitution  and 
the  laws  which  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of 
health,  a source  of  much  misery  and  woe.  It  is  a 
common  belief  that  sickness  is  the  work  of  evil 
spirits  which  have  great  power  over  the  body, 
and  that  all  suffering  is  brought  upon  one  as  a 
punishment  for  sin  or  for  want  of  reverence  of  the 
gods.  The  sick  one  becomes  an  object  of  loath- 
ing and  terror,  and  is  commonly  shunned  rather 
than  cared  for,  while  the  practises  resulting  from 
such  a belief  are  often  unspeakably  cruel. 

In  China,  ideas  concerning  the  constitution  of 
the  body  are  most  absurd  and  inaccurate.  It  is 
believed  that  the  elements  composing  it  are  fire, 
earth,  iron  and  water,  and  that  so  long  as  the 
proportion  between  these  is  properly  maintained 
health  is  enjoyed;  but  as  soon  as  one  predomi- 
nates over  the  other  to  an  unusual  degree, 
sickness  ensues. 


THe  Native  Doctors 

The  native  doctor  will  tell  his 
patient  that  he  has  five  tubes  lead- 
ing from  the  mouth  to  the  stomach, 
and  will  explain  that  each  article  of 
diet  has  an  elective  affinity  for  its 
own  particular  channel,  lest  they 
become  entangled  before  reaching 
their  assigned  quarter,  thus  causing 
serious  trouble.  He  will  wear  a 


pair  of  spectacles  of  colossal  size,  and  with  a 
look  of  infinite  wisdom  will  spend  five  or  ten 
minutes  in  feeling  the  pulses  of  both  hands. 
From  the  right  pulse  he  professes  to  learn  all 
about  the  condition  of  the  heart,  liver  and 
kidneys ; while  the  condition  of  every  other 
organ  will  be  indicated  by  the  left. 

Many  diseases  are  ascribed  to  the  influence  of 
**  wind  arising  from  some  organ  of  the  body; 
and  frequently  in  order  to  allow  this  wind  to  escape, 
needles,  varying  in  length  from  three  to  six  inches, 
are  inserted  under  the  skin,  as  many  as  sixty  or 
seventy  having  been  thus  inserted  at  one  time 
under  the  skin  of  one  man's  head.  Dr.  Huntley 
mentions  one  doctor  who  inserted  his  longest 
needle  through  the  thorax,  bringing  it  out  behind, 
between  the  backbone  and  the  shoulder  blade, 
an  operation  from  the  effects  of  which  the  man 
died. 

Much  suffering  is  inflicted  upon  patients,  due  to 
the  belief  that  they  are  possessed  of  a devil  or  have 
lost  one  of  their  three  souls.  Upon  such  occasions 
the  priests  are  called  in  who,  with  the  beating  of 
drums  and  gongs,  will  keep  up  a terrible  din  all 
through  the  night.  The  sufferer  is  probably  in  a 
small,  stuffy  room,  where  there  is  neither  air  nor 
sunlight,  and  with  perhaps  two  or  three  kerosene 
lamps  which,  smoking  badly,  fill  the  room  with  soot. 
Beside  the  patient  are  from  six  to  twenty  women, 
talking  and  wailing  alternately.  If  in  the  morning 


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the  sick  one  is  no  better,  the  same  procedure  may 
continue;  or  possibly  they  will  raise  him  to  a sitting 
posture  and  beat  him  with  clubs  and  fists  to  drive 
out  the  evil  spirits. 

Many  of  the  prescriptions  of  the  native  doctors, 
while  disgusting  and  nauseating,  are  not  always 


From  a photo  of  image  obtained  from  a needle 
doctor  in  Hanyang,  China.  The  needles 
are  from  four  to  twelve  inches  long 


serious  in  their  results;  but,  as  Dr.  Frank  Goddard 
suggests,  when  it  comes  to  putting  ground  glass  in 
a person's  eyes,  and  cutting  an  artery,  in  the 
“ bleeding  " process,  the  treatment  assumes  an 


14 


aspect  that  is  anything  b«t  humorous.  The  atro- 
cious manner  in  which  diseases  of  the  eye  are 
treated  is  perhaps  as  pitiful  as  any.  For  instance: 
One  man  explained  to  the  doctor  that  he  could 
see  lights  and  shadows  but  could  not  discern  any 
objects;  the  crude  oculist  said  he  only  needed  more 
light  let  in  and  straightway  pierced  each  eyeball, 
thinking,  with  apparent  sincerity,  to  accomplish 
in  this  way  the  desired  result. 

There  are  absolutely  no  regulations  governing 
the  practise  of  medicine  in  Siam,  and  anybody, 
from  a coolie  up,  can  secure  recognition  as  a doctor. 
The  consequences  would  be  appalling  if  they  were 
known;  but  owing  to  the  lack  of  any  official 
records  of  births  and  deaths  they  are  overlooked. 
The  few  graduates  of  the  Royal  Medical  College 
are  employed  by  the  government,  and  the  common 
people  are  left  to  the  tender  mercies  of  the  native 
practitioner.  How  " tender  ” these  are  the  fol- 
lowing incident  related  by  Dr.  Adamsen  of  Bang- 
kok well  illustrates:  A man  who  was  suffering  from 
inflammatory  rheumatism  which  affected  his  joints 
sought  relief  of  the  doctor.  The  latter  was  the 
possessor  of  a hypodermic  syringe,  and  a brilliant 
idea  struck  him.  He  knew  that  when  the  hinges 
of  a door  were  rusty  and  moved  with  difficulty, 
they  were  oiled.  This  man’s  hinges  must  be  in  the 
same  condition,  so  he  promptly  injected  sweet  oil 
into  the  joint  cavities,  and  great  was  his  surprise  at 
the  disastrous  result. 


Appalling  Ig'norance 

Conditions  in  India  are  quite  as  bad  as  in  other 
countries.  In  anatomy  there  is  an  elaborate 
system  of  guesses,  and  the  people  are  taught  that 
there  are  900  bones  in  the  body;  that  there  is  no 
difference  in  structure  or  function  of  nerves,  veins, 
arteries  and  ligaments,  and  that  the  pulse  is  an 
organ  independent  of  the  heart.  In  the  use  of 
drugs  there  is  the  same  appalling  ignorance  of  their 
true  action,  coupled  with  the  practise  of  employing 
very  large  amounts.  Opium,  croton  oil,  mercury 
and  many  other  poisons  are  given  with  absolute 
recklessness,  and  many  a patient  dies  not  so  much 
from  disease  as  from  the  drugs  used  as  remedies. 
Red  hot  irons  are  applied  freely  for  such  common 
complaints  as  toothache  and  headache.  One  phy- 
sician says:  It  is  heartbreaking  work  to  go  among 
the  villages  of  India  and  find  what  great  multitudes 
there  are  diseased  for  life,  blind,  lame,  deaf  and 
dumb,  beyond  the  possibility  of  a cure,  because  in 
infancy  the  simplest  remedies  were  not  available." 

TKe  I^and  of  WitcH  Doctors 

In  Africa  sickness  is  regarded  as  the  result  of 
witchcraft.  The  only  doctors  are  witch  doctors, 
whose  business  is  not  to  diagnose  and  treat  the 
disease,  but  to  find  out  who  bewitched  the  sick 
or  dead  one.  To  accomplish  this  the  doctor, 
arrayed  in  hideous  garb,  assembles  the  inhabitants 
of  the  village  or  town,  and  after  a beating  of  the 

i6 


drums  and  dancing  selects  some  one  as  the  perpe- 
trator of  the  deed.  It  is  in  vain  to  protest  inno- 
cence; and  the  poor  victim  is  forced  to  undergo 
violent  tests  by  fire  or  other  means  to  prove  his 
innocence  or  guilt. 

Buried  A.live 

Among  the  nations  of  the  southern  Pacific 
islands  cutting  is  the  universal  remedy  for  every 
ailment.  Amputations  in  the  most  savage  man- 
ner are  common,  to  prevent  the  spread  of  any 
disease;  and  in  cases  of  delirium  the  patient  is 
buried  alive.  It  is  related  of  a man  in  the  Friendly 
Islands,  who  was  thus  buried,  that  in  the  frenzy 
of  his  delirium  he  twice  burst  open  his  grave  and 
was  at  length  lashed  to  a tree  and  allowed  to  die 
of  starvation.  It  has  been  said  that  a common 
method  of  treating  the  insane  in  Siam  is  to  bury 
them  alive,  and  in  all  China  there  is  not  one  hos- 
pital for  this  afflicted  class. 

THE  CHRISTIAN  ANTIDOTE 

How  to  deal  with  conditions  like  those 
described  above  so  as  to  relieve  the  great- 
est amount  of  suffering  and  at  the  same 
time  lead  the  people  to  a comprehension 
of  the  true  motive  which  inspires  all  their 
ministrations,  is  the  problem  which  con- 
fronts the  medical  missionaries.  Circum- 
stances, as  well  as  the  country  in  which 


17 


they  live,  must  determine  very  largely  their 
methods  of  work.  Those  who  have  large  and 
well  equipped  hospitals  under  their  care  find  their 
time  largely  occupied  with  the  regular  attend- 
ance upon  patients,  together  with  the  daily  dis- 
pensary and  clinical  work.  Few,  however,  of 
the  missionary  doctors  of  the  Union  are  fortunate 
enough  to  have  such  equipment,  and  mu#t  needs 
work  in  a more  modest,  but  who  shall  say  in  a 
less  effective,  way.  Certain  cases  with  which  the 
doctors  come  in  contact  appeal  particularly  for 
sympathy,  and  for  these  special  treatment  is 
offered. 

A.  Cure  for  Opium  Victims 

He  who  has  once  become  a slave  to  this  drug  will, 
if  need  be,  sacrifice  everything  he  possesses  to 
secure  it.  The  terrible  poison  does  quick  work; 
it  plays  havoc  with  a man’s  natural  energy  and 
renders  him  indolent  and  enervated.  He  loses  his 
will  power  and  soon  becomes  a physical  and  moral 
wreck.  Abandoned  by  his  friends  as  hopeless,  he 
turns  to  the  missionary  for  relief.  In  the  hospital 
he  receives  not  only  medical  treatment  but 
brotherly  kindness,  and  the  knowledge  of  a power 
greater  than  his  own  with  which  to  combat  the  foe 
which  has  dragged  him  down.  Multitudes  have 
been  brought  out  of  their  enslaved  condition  into 
freedom  and  joy  through  the  gospel.  Dr.  Mac- 
kenzie of  China,  in  writing  of  his  experience  with 


An  Opium  Smoker  in  his  Den 


opium  smokers  says:  “ I always  tell  them  the 
medicine  is  to  relieve  the  pain  and  craving,  but 
they  are  to  pray  to  God  to  get  the  desire  taken 
from  them,  and  have  new  hearts  given  them.  They 
thus  carry  back  a knowledge  of  the  gospel,  north, 
east,  south  and  west."  He  tells  the  following 
incident,  which  may  be  considered  typical,  of  an 
opium  smoker  who  was  cured; 

The  man’s  name  was  Tai ; he  was  a fortune-teller,  of  about 
twenty-five  years  of  age,  and  appeared  at  the  hospital  emaci- 
ated and  feeble,  accompanied  by  his  mother,  an  old  lady 
over  sixty  years  of  age.  He  had  squandered  his  earnings, 
broken  down  his  health,  and  brought  wretchedness  upon  his 
poor  old  mother  as  the  result  of  the  awful  habit.  He  came 
to  us  chiefly  because  of  her  entreaties,  and  not  from  any  real 
desire  on  his  own  part  for  a cure.  This  in  itself  made  his 
case  very  unpromising.  The  step  proved  to  be  the  turning 

19 


point  in  his  career,  however,  for  he  became  interested  in  the 
gospel,  drank  in  the  only  antidote  for  his  disease,  and  success 
in  treatment  followed  as  a necessary  consequence.  He 
became  a true  Christian,  established  himself  in  honorable 
business,  and  lived  a consistent  life,  to  the  joy  of  his  mother 
and  the  honor  of  his  Lord. 

But  opium  smoking  is  not  all.  One  of  the 
saddest  yet  most  frequent  calls  to  which  the  doctor 
responds  is  that  of  an  “ opium  suicide,"  — fre- 
quently a woman  or  young  girl,  who  is  tired  of  life, 
and  has  resorted  to  the  fatal  drug  as  an  easy  way 
to  end  her  trouble.  Frequently,  too,  a man 
who  wishes  to  take  revenge  upon  an  enemy  will 
take  his  own  life,  thinking  in  this  way  to  call 
down  the  hatred  of  all  his  relatives  upon  the  one 
who  has  wronged  him.  Multitudes  of  such  have 
been  brought  back  from  the  very  gates  of  death. 

THe  Care  of  Lepers 

Throughout  the  Orient  leprosy  is  common,  and 
works  the  same  terrible  ruin  that  it  did  when  our 
Saviour  was  on  earth.  The  government  of  India 
has  already  provided  asylums  in  some  districts 
for  the  care  of  its  victims,  but  multitudes  wander 
about  unprovided  for  in  any  way.  Although  the 
physician  cannot  speak  the  word  of  healing,  as 
did  the  Master,  he  can  in  a large  measure  alleviate 
the  suffering  of  those  who  come  to  him  for  care. 
The  Missionary  Union  has  never  undertaken 
any  special  work  for  lepers,  but  individual  mis- 


sionaries  have  had  opportunity  to  assist  in  re- 
lieving such  unfortunates  as  were  found  in  the 
vicinity  of  their  work.  The  most  prominent  in- 
stance of  this  is  in  Moulmein,  Burma,  where  in 
1898  an  asylum  was  opened  as  a branch  of  the 
English  Society  called  the  **  Mission  to  Lepers  in 
India  and  the  East."  Rev.  Walter  Bushell  of  our 
Karen  Mission  has  been  honorary  vice-president 
and  superintendent  of  the  institution,  and  other 
missionaries  have  been  identified  with  it,  among 
whom  should  be  mentioned  the  late  beloved  Dr. 
Ellen  E.  Mitchell,  who  started  the  work.  Rev. 
and  Mrs.  Ernest  Grigg,  Mrs.  E.  O.  Stevens  and 
Miss  Carr.  The  institution  is  doing  a gracious 
work,  but  the  assistance  of  a resident  physician 
is  greatly  needed. 

Tt\e  Blind  R.eceive  tHeir  Sig'Ht 

The  blind  constitute  a very  large  class  of  unfor- 
tunates, to  whom  the  sympathy  of  our  physicians 
has  been  deeply  drawn  and  for  whose  care 
numerous  asylums  and  schools  have  been 
opened.  In  many  instances  skilful  surgery 
has  partially  or  wholly  restored  the  sight, 
and  the  gratitude  of  the  patients  has  been 
surpassed  only  by  their  wonder  at  the 
miracle  wrought  in  their  behalf.  It  is 
safe  to  say  that  the  treatment  of  no  other 
disease  has  done  so  much  to  inspire  con- 
fidence and  to  spread  abroad  the  fame 

2 I 


of  the  physician  as  the  restoration  of  sight  to 
the  blind. 

Dr.  George  T.  Leeds  of  Hsipaw,  Burma,  says 
that  blindness  is  very  common  among  the  people 
there.  He  constantly  meets  with  those  whose 
eyes  are  in  various  stages  of  different  diseases  lead- 
ing to  blindness.  Many  hundreds  of  eyes  have 
been  saved  by  a timely  application  for  careful  treat- 
ment. He  has  successfully  operated  upon  nineteen 
cases  of  total  blindness  from  cataract,  and  writes 
that  it  is  a great  joy  to  render  such  assistance,  for 
the  gratitude  of  the  people  is  deeply  touching.  As 
an  illustration  of  the  way  in  which  such  treatment 
opens  the  heart  to  receive  the  gospel,  the  following 
incident  has  been  related  by  a missionary  in  China: 

A farmer  brought  to  the  hospital  his  two  daughters,  aged 
thirteen  and  sixteen  years,  both  totally  blind  from  double 
cataract.  They  were  operated  upon  and  returned  home 

with  sight  restored. 
While  in  the  hos- 
pital they  received 
daily  Christian  in- 
struction, and  at 
length  desired  to 
confess  Christ. 
After  a few  weeks' 
probation,  and 
having  given  evi- 
dence of  a change 
of  heart,  they  were 
baptized.  Three 
months  after,  they 


Sanitarium  for  Missionaries,  on  the  moun- 
tain top  near  Tura,  Assam 


returned  with  several  of  their  sick  neighbors  and  their 
mother,  who  had  been  blind  over  twenty  years  and  was  now 
forty  years  old.  She  said  she  did  not  expect  to  be  healed  of 
her  blindness  but  she  came  to  receive  Christian  instruction. 
Her  eyes  were  operated  upon  and  her  sight  restored.  While 
in  the  hospital  both  she  and  her  husband  were  brought  to 
Christ.  They  were  baptized  the  Sunday  before  they  left, 
and  so  all  returned  home  a happy  Christian  family,  father, 
mother,  and  two  daughters. 

THE  TWOFOLD  NATURE  OF  THE 
WORK 

How  to  combine  most  effectively  the  work  of 
preaching  and  healing  among  those  who  come  un- 
der their  care  is  with  all  missionary  doctors  a con- 
sideration of  the  first  importance,  and  many  ways 
have  been  adopted  for  attaining  the  desired  end. 
At  times  it  may  be  very  simple,  without  definite 
organized  effort,  as  in  the  case  of  one  who  told 
his  experience  as  follows: 

Sometimes  I wake  up  in  the  night,  and  in  thinking  of  some 
patient  who  has  been  very  ill,  I wonder  if  he  is  being  prop- 
erly cared  for,  as  native  assistants  are  not  very  trustworthy 
in  matters  of  nursing.  To  satisfy  myself  I get  up  and  go 
over  to  the  ward  to  investigate ; perhaps  I merely  tuck  in  the 
bedclothes  which  have  slipped  from  their  place ; but  some- 
times the  patient  says:  ^‘Doctor,  why  did  you  do  that? 
Why  did  you  get  up  at  this  time  of  night  to  care  for  me  ? 
No  one  ever  did  that  much  for  me  before.”  That  is  my 
chance ! That  is  the  question  for  which  I have  been  wait- 
ing ; and  then  I seek  to  tell  him  of  the  One  who  came  to 
minister  to  others,  to  be  a servant  of  all,  that  he  might  win 
some  to  himself. 


23 


Opportunities  in  SoutK  India 

Dr.  Timpany  of  Hanamakonda  has  devised  a 
novel  and  effective  method  of  making  attendance 
upon  the  hospital  contribute  to  the  spread  of  the 
gospel: 

The  opportunity  of  proclaiming  the  gospel  to  all  classes  of 
people  has  never  presented  itself  to  os  so  advantageously  as 
since  the  opening  of  the  hospital.  From  seven  o'clock  to 
twelve  the  hospital  is  a busy  place.  The  work  of  each  d ay 


Hospital  in  Hanamakonda,  South  India 


begins  with  reading  and  exposition  of  the  Word  and  prayer. 
This  is  followed  by  the  ordinary  routine  of  medical  work, 
while  on  the  veranda  a preacher,  and  as  a rule  a Bible 
woman  also,  are  busy  with  the  waiting  people.  Each  patient 
on  receiving  treatment  is  given  a gospel  handbill,  on  which 
the  numbers  of  his  (or  her)  case  and  prescription  arc  written. 
These  must  be  presented  when  patients  return  for  subsequent 
treatment  and  are,  therefore,  carefully  preserved,  and  we 


24 


believe,  widely  read.  These  tracts  have  gone  during  the 
last  two  months  into  no  less  than  102  villages.  We  have 
already  heard  that  they  are  passed  from  one  to  another  for 
perusal,  and  even  small  groups  have  been  seen  reading  and 
discussing  them.  In  one  large  village  some  miles  away, 
where  the  caste  people  have  been  specially  bigoted,  our 
preacher  reports  that  since  they  have  come  in  contact  with  the 
hospital  some  have  even  called  him  to  talk  with  them,  . . . 

I believe  the  medical  missionary  has  far  greater  and  better 
opportunities  for  preaching  and  living  the  gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ  than  other  missionaries.  Their  possibilities  are  limit- 
less, or  rather  only  limited  by  the  extent  of  their  physical 
endurance.  Of  the  fully  11,000  people  who  visited  our  hos- 
pital last  year,  every  one  of  them  heard  the  gospel  and  almost 
all  took  home  a handbill  or  tract.  People  came  from  nearly 
200  different  villages.  What  a lot  of  hard  travel  would  have 
been  required  to  visit  all  those  villages,  if  one  were  to  try. 
I see  so  many  different  ways  where  the  medical  work  is 
helping  us  that  I feel  that  we  as  a mission  are  losing  much 
by  not  placing  more  stress  upon  it. 

'WorK  for  'Women  in  SoutK  India 

Reference  to  the  medical  missions  of  Sooth  India 
would  be  wholly  inadequate  if  we  failed  to  speak 
of  that  conducted  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Woman's  Baptist  Foreign  Missionary  Society.  The 
condition  of  women  in  the  Orient  has  long  made 
a strong  appeal  to  their  sisters  in  Christian  lands, 
and  the  efforts  that  are  continually  put  forth  in 
their  behalf  are  being  richly  blessed,  not  only  in 
the  alleviation  of  physical  suffering,  unspeakably 
sad,  but  in  the  spiritual  refreshment  that  has  come 
to  many  a sorrowful  heart.  At  three  important 


25 


stations  in  our  Telugu  field,  Nellore,  Nafgonda 
and  Udayagiri,  arc  well  equipped  hospitals  now 
(1905)  in  charge  of  Dr.  Lena  Benjamin,  Dr.  Lorena 
Breed  and  Mrs.  F.  W.  Stait,  M.D.,  respectively; 
and  many  thousands  receive  treatment  every 
year.  Valuable  aid  is  rendered  also  by  several 
trained  nurses,  under  whose  special  supervision 
comes  the  training  of  native  young  women  as 
nurses  and  assistants.  Dr.  Clara  Graham,  an 
Eurasian  young  woman,  also  has  had  a large  medi- 
cal practise  at  Palmur.  Dr.  Ida  Levering,  who  was 
formerly  at  Nellore,  still  continues  a large  amount 
of  medical  work,  although  in  her  present  field  at 

Secunderabad  she  is 
without  a suitable 
hospital.  The  prac- 
tise of  medicine  by 
Christian  women  has 
proved  more  effectual 
in  opening  the  homes 
of  Mohammedans  and 
high  caste  Hindus  to 
Christian  influence 
than  any  other  work 
in  India  today ; and 
doubtless  for  many 
years  to  come  this 
will  be  the  most  effec- 
tive weapon  with  which  to  meet  the  prejudice 
and  pride  of  the  millions  of  adherents  to  these 

26 


faiths.  Dr.  Stait  of  Udayagiri  relates  an  ex- 
perience in  which,  as  a last  resort,  she  was  called 
to  attend  a suffering  patient  in  one  of  the  zenanas 
where  the  head  of  the  house  had  been  an  ardent 
hater  of  missions.  After  the  skilful  and  loving 
service  she  was  able  to  render  he  said  from  the 
depths  of  his  heart:  **  My  door  is  ever  open  to  any 
of  you.  The  love  that  could  work  like  that  must 
have  been  found  near  the  heart  of  the  true  God.” 

How  it  WorKs  in  CHina 

Dr.  Huntley  of  Hanyang  practised  for  years  with 
accommodations  wholly  inadequate,  but  upon 
returning  to  his  field  early  in  1905,  after  furlough, 
his  first  efforts  were  directed  to  the  erection  of  an 
excellent  hospital.  He  says: 

The  gospel  services  in  the  hospital  have  been  conducted  in 
about  equal  proportions  by  my  valued  native  assistant,  Lan 
Chen  Tao,  and  myself;  and  here  we  find  our  best  work 
along  spiritual  lines.  In  these  services  we  have  continued 
our  readings  on  the  life  of  our  Lord,  and  once  every  ten  days 
have  given  a magic  lantern  exhibition  of  pictures  illustrating 
the  Scriptures  studied.  Thus  through  the  eye  as  well  as 
through  the  ear  we  seek  to  lead  the  patients  into  the  Kingdom. 
There  has  been  a willingness,  yes,  an  eagerness,  to  learn  the 
truth  which  we  have  not  experienced  before ; and  our  hearts 
have  rejoiced  as  we  have  seen  some  definitely  accept  Christ 
as  their  Saviour.  . . . 

There  is  a peculiar  advantage  in  medical  work  in  that 
the  missionary  by  that  means  is  brought  into  contact  with 
the  dying.  Some  of  my  most  glorious  experiences  in  China 
have  been  by  the  bedside  of  some  heathen,  whose  heart  has 
readily  trusted  the  Saviour  at  the  eleventh  hour.  One  day  a 


27 


man  named  Wang  came  to  our  dispensary ; he  was  suffering 
from  an  incurable  disease  which  was  only  alleviated  by  op- 
eration, and  in  order  to  save  him  the  long  journey  for  which 
he  was  unfit  I offered  to  visit  him  in  his  home.  The  Holy 
Spirit  had  been  working,  for  the  man  accepted  the  Saviour  like 
a little  child.  All  the  idols  which  the  family  had  worshiped 
for  generations  were  torn  down  and  brought  to  our  service 
on  Sunday,  and  burned.  A week  before  Mr.  Wang  died  I 
took  out  my  Chinese  New  Testament  and  was  about  to  read 
to  him  the  fourteenth  chapter  of  John.  I explained  that 
Jesus  spoke  these  words  when  his  disciples  were  in  sorrow,  to 
comfort  them.  He  stopped  me  at  the  conclusion  of  the  first 
sentence,  “ Let  not  your  heart  be  troubled,''  and  said,  Don't 
read  that,  pastor,  that  is  not  appropriate.  I am  not  troubled, 
I am  happy ; my  sins  are  all  washed  away  in  the  blood  of 
Jesus,  and  I am  going  home."  A week  later  our  evangelist 
saw  him,  and  leaning  over  the  dying  man  he  said,  **  Brother 
Wang,  do  you  remember  anything  about  the  doctrine?" 
The  purple  lips  quivered,  and  he  said,  Kiu-chu,  Saviour,” 
and  passed  away. 

The  limits  of  this  leaflet  forbid  our  giving  a 
comprehensive  view  of  the  medical  work  of  all 
our  missionary  physicians  in  China.  At  Ningpo, 
one  of  the  earliest  places  to  have  the  presence  of  a 
doctor.  Dr.  J.  S.  Grant  has  for  years  been  render- 
ing efficient  service  with  but  moderate  facilities. 
Dr.  Eubank  at  Huchow  has  been  greatly  encour- 
aged by  the  native  contributions  toward  the  sup- 
port of  the  work,  and  feels  that  he  is  getting  a 
better  hold  upon  the  people  as  the  years  go  by. 
He  pleads  for  better  equipment. 

It  was  a happy  day  at  Swatow  in  the  fall  of 
1904,  when  two  beautiful  new  hospital  buildings 


28 


Hospital  Buildings,  Swatow,  China 


29 


were  opened.  These  are  largely  the  result  of  the 
careful  planning  and  persevering  efforts  of  Dr. 
Anna  K.  Scott,  who  gave  fifteen  years  of  loving 
service  to  that  field.  Dr.  R.  E.  Worley  assumed 
charge  in  1903,  and  with  him  is  associated  Dr.  Mar- 
garet Grant  who  has  the  care  of  the  woman's  work. 
Dr.  Josephine  Bixby  of  Kiehyang  has  at  length 
received  money  for  a hospital,  and  is  conducting 
a splendid  work  in  one  of  our  most  important 
fields  in  South  China.  The  last  two  mentioned  are 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Woman's  Baptist  Foreign 
Missionary  Society  of  the  West. 

In  West  China,  at  Suifu  and  Yachow,  Dr. 
Tompkins  and  Dr.  Corlies  now  have  good  hospitals 
which  are  proving  most  valuable  adjuncts  to  the 
work  in  those  strategic  centers.  Dr.  Corlies  speaks 
with  special  interest  of  the  class  of  men  who  have 
been  reached  through  the  opium  refuge.  Dr. 
F.  K.  Goddard  of  Shaohsing  hopes  to  receive  soon 
the  necessary  funds  for  his  equipment,  for  the  lack 
of  which  hitherto  he  has  experienced  considerable 
limitation  in  his  work. 

A.ppreciation  of  tHe  King  of  iSiam 

The  work  of  the  Union  in  Siam,  although  not 
extensive,  antedates  that  in  China  by  a number 
of  years.  The  one  representative  of  the  Union 
who  has  held  the  fort  alone  for  a long  time  is 
Dr.  H.  Adamsen,  whose  medical  services  have 
come  to  be  recognized  by  the  king  and  queen  as 


3° 


so  valuable  that  special  grants  of  money  are 
annually  placed  in  his  hands  with  which  to  intro- 
duce the  use  of  scientific  remedies  for  disease 
throughout  the  country.  Hitherto  the  terrible 
scourge  of  smallpox  has  carried  off  thousands  of 
people  annually.  Dr.  Adamsen  is  now  success- 
fully making  vaccine,  and  the  use  of  it  is  becoming 
widespread.  He  also  has  under  his  direction  the 


Dr.  Adamsen  and  the  Vaccine  Staff,  Bangkok,  Siam 

only  school  in  the  country  for  the  training  of  nurses. 
It  is  supported  by  the  queen,  and  its  graduates  are 
proving  very  influential  in  the  homes  of  Siam. 

Trained  Native  A.ssistants 

Dr.  Crozier  of  Tura,  Assam,  has  been  particu- 
larly successful  in  training  native  assistants,  some 


31 


of  whom  are  now  able  to  travel  in  the  district  and 
dispense  medicine  as  well  as  preach  the  gospel. 
He  says: 

My  assistant  has  had  twenty-one  months'  training  in  the 
dispensary  and  has  become  quite  proficient  in  the  medical, 
the  operative,  and  also  in  the  clinical  work,  so  that  I can  now 
give  myself  more  largely  to  the  work  of  preaching  and 
teaching.  We  are  continuing  to  train  men  to  go  out  among 
the  people  equipped  for  this  work.  One  man,  who  has  been 
under  training  in  the  dispensary,  has  been  out  a little  over 
three  months  engaged  in  medical  and  evangelistic  work. 
One  teacher,  who  has  recently  been  appointed  an  evangelist 
by  one  of  the  associations,  is  using  medicines  with  increasing 
success,  and  one  pastor  reports  encouragingly  of  the  use  of 
considerable  medicine  as  he  goes  about  among  the  people  and 
the  surrounding  heathen  villages. 


On  tHe  Frontier  of  Burma 

Medical  work  in  Btjrm,a,  for  the  most  part,  is 
confined  to  the  newer  and  more  remote  stations 
on  the  frontier.  Dr.  Harper,  away  op  in  the 
northern  part,  among  the  Shans  at  Namkham,  has 
been  very  energetic  in  securing  a fine  hospital  with 
almost  no  financial  aid  from  the  Union.  Dr.  E.  H. 
East,  among  the  Chins  of  northwestern  Burma, 
in  Haka,  through  the  help  he  has  been  able  to  give 
to  the  sick  and  suffering  has  gained  access  to  hearts 
that  were  supposed  to  be  almost  impervious  to 
anything  good  or  elevating.  Provision  has  been 
made  for  a building  among  these  people  to  be  known 
as  the  “Emily  Tyzzer  Memorial  Hospital";  and 


32 


it  IS  hoped  that  all  who  share  its  comforts  will  find 
rest  and  peace  for  the  sotil  as  well  as  healing  for 
the  body. 

Dr.  A.  H.  Henderson,  who  has  been  for  a num- 
ber of  years  at  Mongnai,  speaks  of  the  peculiar 
power  of  the  medical  work  in  fighting  the  super- 
stitions of  the  people.  Hysteria  and  madness 
often  appeal  to  these  people  as  the  work  of  demons 
and  witches;  rheumatism  is  not  infrequently 
explained  in  the  same  way,  and  a delirious  person 
becomes  an  object  of  dread.  To  cure  these  ail- 
ments proves  either  that  the  doctor  can  drive  away 
these  evil  influences,  or  that  after  all  it  was  only 


Dr.  Gibbens’  Dispensary  and  Home,  Kengtung,  Burma 
The  living  room  is  on  the  right 


33 


disease,  as  he  said.  The  last  frontier  station  to 
be  opened  in  Burma  is  Kengtung,  a Buddhist 
stronghold  in  the  Shan  states  in  the  extreme 
eastern  part  of  Burma.  Dr.  H.  C.  Gibbens  is  in 
charge  of  the  medical  work.  The  recent  great 
tribal  movement  toward  Christianity  among  the 
Muhsos  of  this  region  has  opened  an  avenue  for 
effective  medical  work. 


Dispensary  at  Banza  Manteke.  Drs.  Leslie  and  Mabie  in 
the  doorway 

WorKing  under  Difficulties 

Our  doctors  in  Africa  have  never  had  more  than 
the  most  meagre  equipment  and  limited  accommo- 
dations for  the  care  of  the  sick.  Dr.  A.  Sims  of 
Matadi  has  been  longest  on  the  field,  and  has 
established  a reputation  throughout  the  lower 


34 


Congo  region  for  skill  and  efficiency.  Dr.  W.  H. 
Leslie  and  Dr.  Catharine  L.  Mabie  share  the  work 
at  Banza  Manteke,  giving  much  of  their  time,  how- 
ever, to  other  things  because  of  the  painful  inade- 
quacy of  workers.  Mrs.  Henry  Richards  has  also 
considerable  skill  in  the  use  of  medicines  although 
she  is  not  a regularly  educated  physician.  There 
is  one  small  building  which  serves  as  a hospital  in 
which  only  a few  can  be  cared  for  at  a time.  Most 
of  the  assistance  rendered  is  in  the  nature  of  dis- 
pensary work,  and  is  given  to  such  as  are  able  to 
apply  for  it  in  person.  The  best  hospital  building 
in  our  Congo  Mission  is  at  Mukimvika,  and  has  been 
in  charge  of  Dr.  F.  P.  Lynch  for  several  years. 
Dr.  Kirby  of  Lukunga,  for  want  of  a better  place, 
had  his  dispensary  in  his  house.  We  have  no 
physician  on  the  upper  Congo. 

Many  pitiful  cases  are  brought  to  the  attention 
of  the  doctors  in  Africa.  Pneumonia,  fevers  and 
dreadful  ulcers  are  particularly  common,  but  noth- 
ing is  sadder  than  the  sleeping  sickness  for  which 
there  is  no  known  cure,  although  it  is  possible  at 
times  to  allay  the  progress  of  the  disease  for  a 
period. 

The  Philippine  Islands  A.ppeal  for 
Help 

The  appeal  for  medical  help  in  the  newest  mis- 
sion of  the  Union  has  been  pressing  from  the  first, 
as  there  is  much  acute  suffering  f»om  malarial 


35 


fevers  and  other  forms  of  illness,  concerning  the 
proper  treatment  of  which  the  people  know  noth- 
ing. Dr.  P.  H.  J.  Lerrigo,  the  first  to  respond  to 
this  need,  found  a most  interesting  field  of  service 
as  well  as  a grateful  and  appreciative  people. 
Upon  his  enforced  return  to  America  he  was 
succeeded  by  Rev.  R.  C.  Thomas,  M.D.  There 
should  be  at  least  three  physicians  to  occupy 
the  large  field  which  legitimately  belongs  to 
us;  not  only  for  the  inestimable  blessings  they 
might  bestow  upon  a helpless  people,  but  to 
safeguard  the  health  of  the  missionaries  them- 
selves, who  are  subjected  to  much  hardship  in 
this  trying  climate. 


IMPORTANT  NEEDS  OF  THE 
UNION 

When  considered  in  the  light  of  the  general 
prevalence  of  disease  in  all  these  countries,  it 
looks  like  a hopeless  task  to  attempt  to  meet  the 
many  calls  for  help.  But  one  thing  is  clear,  that 
we  should  give  suitable  support  and  necessary 
equipment  to  the  medical  workers  already  on 
the  field.  Scarcely  a doctor  has  been  sent  out 
recently  who  has  not  been  obliged  to  wait  at  least 
a year,  and  generally  longer,  for  a suitable  dis- 
pensary or  a modest  hospital;  and  some  have 
worked  a long  time  with  only  a dark,  poorly 
built,  unsanitary  native  house  in  which  to  re- 
36 


ceive  and  care  for  the  sick.  Several  thousand 
dollars  could  be  used  immediately  and  advanta- 
geously in  giving  only  a modest  equipment  to  those 
who  are  still  sorely  handicapped  without  it.  The 
question,  also,  of  supplying  vacancies  when  the 
time  of  furlough  comes  is  a perplexing  one.  Some 
well-equipped  hospitals  have  had  to  be  closed  for 
a year  or  more  at  a time,  because  the  missionary 
has  had  to  return  home  and  no  one  was  available 
to  take  his  place.  Not  only  does  the  work  thus 
cease  and  the  property  remain  idle,  but  if  there  are 
other  missionaries  on  the  station  they  too  are  left 
without  suitable  care. 

Besides  the  fields  already  occupied  by  the  Union, 
there  are  a number  of  other  pressing  calls  for  doc- 
tors which  it  has  been  impossible  to  meet,  from 
lack  of  suitable  candidates  and  necessary  funds 
for  their  equipment.  A missionary  physician  for 
the  Naga  Hills  in  Assam  has  for  a long  time  been 
deemed  a necessity,  and  at  the  time  of  this  writ- 
ing (1905)  it  is  hoped  that  one 
will  soon  be  sent.  We  would  be 
glad  indeed  if  this  little  sketch 
might  bear  a message  to  the 
hearts  of  some  of  the  many 
young  men  and  women  who  are 
medically  equipped,  to  devote 
themselves  to  this  Christlike  form 
of  service  among  the  millions  of 
needy  and  suffering  humanity. 


37 


and  to  some  of  God's  stewards,  whose  money  is 
so  sorely  needed  to  sustain  and  extend  this  work 
in  all  departments. 

"Then  shall  the  righteous  ansiver  him,  saying. 
Lord,  ’when  saw  %ie  thee  an  hungred,  and  fed 
thee?  or  thirsty,  and  gave  thee  drink?  When  saw 
we  thee  a stranger,  and  took  thee  in  ? or  naked, 
and  clothed  thee?  Or  when  saw  l»e  thee  sick,  or 
in  prison,  and  came  unto  thee? 

"And  the  King  shall  answer  and  say  unto  them. 
Verily  I say  unto  you.  Inasmuch  as  ye  ha’ve  done 
it  unto  one  of  the  least  of  these  my  brethren,  ye 
ha’ve  done  it  unto  me." 


Mission  Hospital,  Nellore,  South  India 


38 


OUR  MEDICAL  WORKERS 

April,  1905 


BURMA 

Mrs.  11.  Morrow,  M.I).,  Tavoy 

Mrs.  E.  W.  Kelly,  M.D.,  Mandalay 

W.  C.  Griggs,  M.D.,  Bhamo 

Rev.  I’.  P.  SuTHERL.VND,  M.D.,  Sagaing 

Rev.  George  T.  Leeds,  M.D.,  Ilsipaw 

Mrs.  C.  L.  D.vven’port,  M.D.,  Mandalay 

A.  II.  Henderson,  M.D.,  Mongnai 

Rev.  M.  B.  Kirkp.\trick,  M.D.,  Namkham 

Rev.  Robert  II.yrper,  M.D.,  Namkham 

Rev.  E.  II.  East,  M.D.,  Haka 

Rev.  Trum.'V.n  Johnson,  M.D.,  Loikaw 

II.  C.  Gibbens,  M.D.,  Kengtung 

ASSAM 

G.  G.  Crozier,  M.U.,  Tura 

Rev.  S.  W.  Rivenburg,  M.I).,  Kohima 

SOUTH  INDIA 

Caroline  W.  Coats,  M.D.,  Ramapatam 
Mrs.  Ida  Levering,  M.D.,  Secunderabad 
Rev.  J.  S.  Timp.vny,  M.D.,  Ilanamakonda 
Mrs.  F.  W.  Stait,  M.D.,  Udayagiri 
Mrs.  Lorena  Breed,  M.D.,  Nalgonda 
Lena  Benjamin,  M.D.,  Nellore 

SIAM 

Rev.  H.  Adamsen,  M.I).,  Bangkok 


39 


CHINA 


jNIiss  Anna  K.  Scott,  M.D.,  Swatow 
Miss  JosEPHiNi;  Bixby,  M.D.,  Kiehyang 
Miss  Margaret  Grant,  M.I).,  Swatow 
J.  S.  Grant,  M.D.,  Ningpo 
Rev.  M.  D.  Eubank,  M.D.,  Iluchow 
C.  E.  Tompkins,  M.D.,  Suifu 
Briton  Cori.ies,  M.I).,  Yachow 
Mrs.  F.  J.  Br.adsh.aw,  M.D.,  Kiating 
Rev.  G.  A.  Huntley,  M.D.,  Hanyang 
R.  E.  Worley.  M.D.,  Swatow 
F.  W.  Goddard,  M.D.,  Shaohsing 

AFRICA 

W.  H.  Leslie,  M.D.,  Banza  Manteke 
Catharine  L.  Mabie,  M.D.,  Banza  Manteke 
F.  r.  La’NCH,  M.D.,  Mukimvika 
H.  W.  Kirby,  M.D.,  Lukunga 
A.  Sims,  M.D.,  D.P.H.,  Matadi 

PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS 
Rev.  r.  H.  J.  Lerrigo,  M.D. 

Rev.  R.  C.  Tho.mas,  M.D. 


401-1  Ed. -5  .M-4-05.  Price  5 cents 


40 


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